MINIATURE ZEBU

  • The Zebu is a breed of domestic cow from South Asia, which has been domesticated since 3,000 B.C. Today, there are about 75 breeds, evenly divided between those living in Asia and those living in Africa.  Zebus originate in southern Asia, and humans transported them to Africa, India, and the Middle East shortly after. Nowadays, this breed is also popular in South America and the United States. There are thought to be 270 million Zebu in India, 155 million in Brazil, and 2 million in the U.S.
  • Zebu are used as draft animals, and are farmed as both dairy and beef cattle. This breed is actually a subspecies of the domestic cow, and its scientific name is Bos taurus indicus. 
  • It is easy to recognize because it has a large hump on its shoulders, and a long flap of skin, known as a “dewlap,” on its chest. Many Zebu also have floppy, droopy ears. The Zebu is one of the smallest breeds of cow in the world. They are usually gray or red in color, have horns, and loose skin.
  • At their largest, Miniature Zebu cattle stand up to 3.5 ft. tall at the shoulder, and weigh up to 600 lbs. or more. The similar Brahman cow originated from these cattle. As a comparison, Brahman cattle reach weights of 2,000 lbs. or more!
  • Zebu have been domesticated to be productive in hot, humid environments. Because of this selection by breeding, they are smaller than other domestic cattle, have a lower metabolic rate, and have more efficient sweat glands. Learn more about what makes Zebu cattle unique below.
    • Origin – Humans bred this unique cow in southern Asia. Their small stature makes it easier to move through dense jungles in that region. They are also much more adapted to hot and humid temperatures.
    • Perks Against Pests – Their humid, jungle upbringing also featured another interesting challenge… parasites. Parasites and diseases thrive in humid and warm environments, so Zebu cattle are particularly resistant to parasites and other illnesses that different cattle breeds are not resistant to.
    • Zebu Cattle Today – Because they are so resistant to high temperatures and other unfavorable conditions, these cattle live in many different areas today. People keep this breed in the United States, Brazil, India, Africa, and in southern Asia.
    • Milk Production – Zebu cows produce one-half gallon (2 liters) of milk per day, whereas European high-performance breeds have a peak production of about 21 gallons (80 liters) per day.
    • Sacred Animal – In India, Zebus are sacred, and are used only as draft animals, and for producing milk.
    • As an Icon – Zebus are featured on the official stamp of Madagascar.